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Def. Lex-O-Pedia
What Must a Legally Compliant Employment Agreement in India Contain?
A valid Indian employment agreement must satisfy the Contract Act, the newly notified Labour Codes and a layer of statutory minima on wages, social security, leave, POSH and data protection, none of which can be contracted away. A clause-by-clause account of what the law requires and what it will no
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Def. Lex-O-Pedia
What Are the Five Pillars of E-Commerce Compliance in India?
From the E-Commerce Rules 2020 to the DPDP Act 2023, GST tax collection at source and RBI payment aggregator norms — a five-pillar map of the obligations, penalties and enforcement trends confronting every online marketplace operating in India.
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Def. Lex-O-Pedia
How Should a Consultancy Agreement for Government Sales Be Structured for Compliance?
Companies that hire consultants to open government doors inherit their conduct. How to structure an Indian consultancy agreement so independent-contractor status, PCA and FCPA compliance, liaison restrictions and confidentiality obligations actually hold.
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Singapore

ALEX BELLINGHAM v MICHAEL REED

The term “loss or damage” in s 32(1) of the Personal Data Protection Act 2012 is limited to heads of loss or damage under common law and does not include distress or loss of control over personal data.

Sushant Shukla· ·14 min read
Singapore

Bellingham, Alex v Reed, Michael [2021] SGHC 125

In Bellingham, Alex v Reed, Michael, the High Court of the Republic of Singapore addressed issues of Data Protection — Personal Data Protection Act, Statutory Interpretation — Construction of statute.

Sushant Shukla· ·8 min read
Columns 11 min read

Understanding Cyber Laws in the Globalised world: from the Budapest treaty to the UN

In the digital era, cyber laws safeguard security, privacy, and governance. Global treaties like the Budapest Convention and UN Cybercrime Convention aim to combat cyber threats, balancing sovereignty and cooperation. India upholds sovereignty while evolving its cyber laws.

Aditi Saxena
Contributor
Mar 14
Columns 10 min read

The Right to Privacy in the Era of Cyber Espionage:  A Threat to Human Right

Unauthorized access, commonly known as cyber espionage, poses a major global threat to privacy. It has led to incidents like the 2024 Russian cyberattack on Ukraine and the 2023 Pegasus spyware case, among others, highlighting its widespread impact.

Aditi Saxena
Contributor
Feb 23
Columns 6 min read

Beyond the Algorithm: The Human Right to Be Forgotten

Right to be Forgotten, privacy law, GDPR, Google Spain, data protection, digital privacy, data erasure, freedom of expression, personal data, EU regulations, public interest, search engines, data subjects, right to erasure.

Harish Khan
Contributor
Jan 14
Columns 7 min read

Data Privacy and Competition Law: Uniting Forces in the Digital Age

Data privacy and competition law converge in the digital age, addressing market dominance and personal data misuse. This article explores their synergies, conflicts, and the need for integrated regulations to foster innovation, ensure fairness, and protect rights.

Anish Sinha
Contributor
Dec 26