The Supreme Court upheld the 2017 Amendment Acts permitting Jallikattu, Kambala, and bullock-cart races, citing cultural significance and compliance with animal welfare laws. It overruled A. Nagaraja, affirming states’ legislative competence and balancing heritage with cruelty prevention.

Film censorship in India seeks to balance artistic freedom with societal norms. While the Constitution guarantees freedom of speech, it allows restrictions in the interest of public order, decency, and morality, with the CBFC acting as a regulatory body for this purpose.