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196 to 43: The RRB Amalgamation Story
See also: [Related: Regional Rural Banks — The Complete Regulatory Timeline] | [Related: The Sponsor Bank Problem]
The Sponsor Bank Problem in Regional Rural Banking
See also: [Related: Regional Rural Banks — The Complete Regulatory Timeline]
Regional Rural Banks: The Complete Regulatory Timeline
Every RRB has a sponsor — a commercial bank that holds 35% equity, provides management support, seconds officers, and bears ultimate responsibility for the RRB's viability. The Government of India holds 50%, and the concerned state government holds 15%.
UCB Lending, Investment & Deposit Norms
The pattern across all three is identical: liberality in the early 2000s, a series of shocks (the government securities fraud of 2002, the global financial crisis of 2008, the PMC collapse of 2019), and reactive tightening that eventually produced the comprehensive 2025 Master Directions.
Rural Co-ops: StCBs, DCCBs, and NABARD Supervision
See also: [Related: Co-operative Banks in India — The Complete Regulatory Timeline]
Co-operative Banks Regulation: The Complete Timeline
This article traces the complete regulatory arc — 2,206 notifications across 17 sub-topics — from the liberal licensing era of the early 2000s through the crisis and into the reformed framework that governs India's 1,500+ co-operative banks today.
Authorised Dealer Operations: The Complete Operational Framework
Every A.P. (DIR Series) circular and related notification directed to authorised dealers under FEMA, in chronological order.
Foreign Portfolio Investment: FII to FPI Transition & Debt Limits
See also: [Related: Foreign Exchange Regulation in India — The Complete Timeline]
Export & Import Forex Regulations: Realisation, Payment & Trade Credit
See also: [Related: Foreign Exchange Regulation in India — The Complete Timeline]
Forex Derivatives & Hedging: Product Framework & User Categories
See also: [Related: Foreign Exchange Regulation in India — The Complete Timeline]
NRI Accounts, Deposits & Property: The Complete Regulatory Guide
Alongside deposits, the regime governs NRI acquisition and transfer of immovable property in India — a separate but closely linked chain of 68 circulars.
External Commercial Borrowings: Framework, Limits & Evolution
See also: [Related: Foreign Exchange Regulation in India — The Complete Timeline]
FDI Liberalisation in India: Sector Caps, Routes & Policy Evolution
Each circular below is a policy decision with winners and losers. Each verbatim quote is drawn from the original RBI document on CDN.
Foreign Exchange & FEMA: The Complete Regulatory Timeline
Between those two laws and the 2,446 RBI circulars and FEMA notifications that operationalized them lies the complete story of India's integration into the global financial system. This is that story.
Digital KYC: Aadhaar, Video KYC, and the Central KYC Registry
See also: [Related: KYC & Anti-Money Laundering — The Complete Regulatory Timeline]
ABUTHAHIR S/O ABDUL GAFOOR, THE PRIVATE TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY OF THE ESTATE OF APARNA DONTI (A BANKRUPT) v BANGKOK BANK PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED
in the Official Assignee’s Bankruptcy Estate Account pending the court’s determination of the application. The funding agreement 21 Three of Aparna’s creditors, IOB, OCBC and the defendant (the “Funding Creditors”), agreed to fund the present application by the Private Trustee on the following te
FATF Compliance: Deficient Jurisdictions and the Relay Chain
See also: [Related: KYC & Anti-Money Laundering — The Complete Regulatory Timeline]
Counter-Terrorism Financing & UNSC Sanctions: The RBI Compliance Chain
See also: [Related: KYC & Anti-Money Laundering — The Complete Regulatory Timeline]
KYC and Anti-Money Laundering in India: The Complete Regulatory Timeline
India's KYC/AML regulatory framework operates through a layered hierarchy.
Suria Shaik Aziz
in Re Wong Wai Loong Sean and other matters [2022] SGHC 237 (“Re Wong Wai Loong Sean”) and Re Tay Jie Qi and another matter [2023] SGHC 59 (“Re Tay Jie Qi”), the central inquiry in admission applications, where there is no question as to the applicant’s competence or qualifications, is whether t
Aaquaverse Pte. Ltd.
n Act 2018 Aaquaverse Pte Ltd … Applicant Originating Application No 647 of 2022 In the Matter of Section 65 of the Insolvency, Restructuring and Dissolution Act 2018 Aaqua BV … Applicant Originating Application No 648 of 2022 In the Matter of Section 65 of the Insolvency, Restructuring and Disso
Ang Kong Meng v Lim Teck Boon and Another
would have sold the factory premises in Singapore (held on a 30 year lease from 1984 with an option for a further term of 30 years) before the downturn in the property market sometime in late 1997. The assistant registrar assessed this loss to the plaintiff at $50,000 to compensate him for his loss
CHAN TAM HOI @ PAUL CHAN v WANG JIAN
Summary of the applicable principles in relation to ascertaining the existence of an oral agreement ..............30 (D) Ascertaining the terms of an oral agreement....................30 (2) Application to the present case ...................................................31 (A) The relevant docum
CXN v CXO & Anor
And (1) CXO (2) Chui Jin Hua Vincent … Defendants JUDGMENT [Tort — Negligence — Duty of care] [Tort — Negligence — Breach of duty] [Tort — Negligence — Apportionment of liability] Version No 1: 13 Dec 2022 (11:27 hrs) i TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.................................................