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Do Computer-Generated works qualify for Copyright Protection?
Copyright law protects original works, including computer software, under India's Copyright Act of 1957. While AI-generated works raise questions about authorship, the Act doesn’t explicitly address them. As AI advances, copyright law may need reform to accommodate these changes.
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lex-o-pedia
Do Computer-Generated works qualify for Copyright Protection?
Harish Khan
lex-o-pedia
How can a research problem be formulated, and what steps are involved in identifying and refining research questions?
Naina Chawla
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Legal Wires
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Censorship in Broadcasting and OTT Platforms: Regulation of OTT Content under IT Rules, 2021
Harish Khan
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Gaza’s Infants Freeze Amid Blockade: Five Babies Dead in Six Days
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Legal Wires

Gaza’s Infants Freeze Amid Blockade: Five Babies Dead in Six Days

Freezing conditions in Gaza's refugee camps have claimed the lives of five infants in six days. Displaced families face dire shortages of aid, with inadequate shelter and resources worsening the humanitarian crisis.
Gaza’s Infants Freeze Amid Blockade: Five Babies Dead in Six Days
buzz
Legal Wires
Gaza’s Infants Freeze Amid Blockade: Five Babies Dead in Six Days
Freezing conditions in Gaza's refugee camps have claimed the lives of five infants in six days. Displaced families face dire shortages of aid, with inadequate shelter and resources worsening the humanitarian crisis.
South Korea Orders Nationwide Aviation Safety Probe After Jeju Air Boeing 737-800 Crash Claims 179 Lives
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Legal Wires
South Korea Orders Nationwide Aviation Safety Probe After Jeju Air Boeing 737-800 Crash Claims 179 Lives
A tragic Jeju Air crash at Muan Airport claimed 179 lives, prompting South Korea's Acting President to order a nationwide aviation safety probe. Investigations focus on Boeing 737-800s and initial reports of a bird strike.
Airspace Tensions and Political Pardons: Putin Apologizes for Azerbaijan Airlines Crash as Russia and Belarus Navigate Crises
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Legal Wires
Airspace Tensions and Political Pardons: Putin Apologizes for Azerbaijan Airlines Crash as Russia and Belarus Navigate Crises
Putin apologized to Azerbaijan for a plane crash amid airspace tensions. Belarus pardoned 20 political prisoners, while Russia’s Gazprom announced a halt to gas supplies to Moldova over debt issues.
UGC Blocks NALSAR’s PG Programmes in Distance Learning Courses Over Regulation Breach
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Legal Wires
UGC Blocks NALSAR’s PG Programmes in Distance Learning Courses Over Regulation Breach
The UGC has barred NALSAR University of Law from offering ODL programmes, citing non-compliance with the UGC Regulations, 2020, due to lack of a BCI NOC. Affected students face uncertainty.
Bombay HC Implements Video Conferencing Guidelines to Modernize Court Processes
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Legal Wires
Bombay HC Implements Video Conferencing Guidelines to Modernize Court Processes
The Bombay High Court will enforce new video conferencing rules for judicial hearings from December 29, modernizing processes while emphasizing security, privacy, and accessibility across Maharashtra and beyond.
Kamal Adwan Hospital Burned: Gaza’s Healthcare System Collapses Amid Israeli Assault, WHO Demand Ceasefire
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Legal Wires
Kamal Adwan Hospital Burned: Gaza’s Healthcare System Collapses Amid Israeli Assault, WHO Demand Ceasefire
Israeli forces raided Kamal Adwan Hospital, setting it ablaze and displacing hundreds, in Gaza's latest health crisis. WHO called it a "death sentence" as calls for ceasefire intensify globally.
Calcutta HC Upholds LCC Decision, Rejects Harassment Claim Against NUJS VC
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Legal Wires
Calcutta HC Upholds LCC Decision, Rejects Harassment Claim Against NUJS VC
The Calcutta High Court has granted relief to the NUJS Vice-Chancellor, dismissing a sexual harassment complaint due to lack of credible evidence and time-barred filing under the POSH Act.
Delhi HC Acquits Man in POCSO Case: "Minor's Age Alone Insufficient for Assault Evidence"
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Legal Wires
Delhi HC Acquits Man in POCSO Case: "Minor's Age Alone Insufficient for Assault Evidence"
The Delhi High Court acquitted a man convicted under the POCSO Act, citing lack of evidence and unclear survivor statements. The judgment stressed that guilt must be established beyond a reasonable doubt.
Cross-Border Tensions Escalate: Pakistan's Air Strikes in Afghanistan and Taliban's Warning of Retaliation
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Legal Wires
Cross-Border Tensions Escalate: Pakistan's Air Strikes in Afghanistan and Taliban's Warning of Retaliation
Pakistan conducted air strikes in Afghanistan targeting TTP hideouts, sparking Taliban claims of civilian casualties and a stern warning of retaliation. The attacks escalate tensions between the two nations.
case-study
case-study
Anish Sinha

Case Study: Indian Maritime University v. Smt. Nimmia Kundlia and anr.

The State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission ruled that the District Commission lacked jurisdiction over a fee refund dispute involving the Indian Maritime University. It also held that educational institutions are not "service providers" under the Consumer Protection Act.
case-study
Anish Sinha
Case Study: Indian Maritime University v. Smt. Nimmia Kundlia and anr.
The State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission ruled that the District Commission lacked jurisdiction over a fee refund dispute involving the Indian Maritime University. It also held that educational institutions are not "service providers" under the Consumer Protection Act.
case-study
Anish Sinha
Case Study: Rabindra Kumar Chhatoi v. State of Odisha & Anr.
In Rabindra Kumar Chhatoi v. State of Odisha, the Supreme Court ruled that the backyard of a private house does not qualify as a "public view" under Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST Act, discharging the appellant from charges of caste-based abuse and related IPC offences.
Case Study: Nalin Choksey v. Commissioner of Customs, Kochi
case-study
Anish Sinha
Case Study: Nalin Choksey v. Commissioner of Customs, Kochi
In Nalin Choksey v. Commissioner of Customs, the SC held that subsequent purchasers aren't liable for customs duty evasion by importers. It ruled that liability arises at importation, not ownership transfer, and set aside duties imposed on the appellant.
Case Study: State of NCT of Delhi v. Mohd. Jabir
case-study
Anish Sinha
Case Study: State of NCT of Delhi v. Mohd. Jabir
The Supreme Court in State of NCT of Delhi v. Mohd. Jabir upheld procedural compliance under Section 50 NDPS Act, ruling that using "any" instead of "nearest" Gazetted Officer doesn’t invalidate the search if substantive rights aren’t prejudiced. Bail was revoked.
Case Study: State of HP v. Jai Lal & Ors.
case-study
Nishant Singh Rawat
Case Study: State of HP v. Jai Lal & Ors.
Expert evidence must rely on scientific methodology, adequately explained and backed by credible data, allowing courts to independently evaluate its accuracy and reliability
Case Study: Justice K.S. Puttaswamy & Ors. v. Union of India (UOI) & Ors.
case-study
Yousuf Khan
Case Study: Justice K.S. Puttaswamy & Ors. v. Union of India (UOI) & Ors.
In Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, the Supreme Court affirmed privacy as a fundamental right under Article 21, integral to dignity and autonomy, yet subject to reasonable restrictions.
Case Study: Rustom Cavasjee Cooper and Ors. v. Union of India
case-study
Yousuf Khan
Case Study: Rustom Cavasjee Cooper and Ors. v. Union of India
In Rustom Cavasjee Cooper v. Union of India, the Supreme Court invalidated the 1969 bank nationalization act, citing inadequate compensation and violation of property rights, thus breaching Articles 14, 19, and 31.
Case Study: Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan
case-study
Yousuf Khan
Case Study: Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan
The Supreme Court in Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan upheld the 17th Constitutional Amendment, validating its addition of laws to the Ninth Schedule, aimed at supporting socio-economic land reforms.
Case Study: Sulochana Amma v. Narayanan Nair
case-study
Mohd. Sahil Khan
Case Study: Sulochana Amma v. Narayanan Nair
In Sulochana Amma v. Narayanan Nair (1994), the Supreme Court upheld the application of res judicata to injunction decrees from courts with limited pecuniary jurisdiction. The case involved property rights and multiple suits following the alienation of a life estate. The Court ruled that once a comp
columns
columns
Anish Sinha

Data Privacy and Competition Law: Uniting Forces in the Digital Age

Data privacy and competition law converge in the digital age, addressing market dominance and personal data misuse. This article explores their synergies, conflicts, and the need for integrated regulations to foster innovation, ensure fairness, and protect rights.
columns
Anish Sinha
Data Privacy and Competition Law: Uniting Forces in the Digital Age
Data privacy and competition law converge in the digital age, addressing market dominance and personal data misuse. This article explores their synergies, conflicts, and the need for integrated regulations to foster innovation, ensure fairness, and protect rights.
columns
Anish Sinha
GIFT City: A Gateway to Global Financial and Educational Innovation
GIFT City, India’s smart financial hub in Gujarat, blends advanced infrastructure with a dynamic regulatory framework. It fosters global collaboration in finance and education, attracting top foreign universities and investors, and positioning India as a global innovation leader.
columns
Anish Sinha
The Supreme Court’s landmark judgment in Arif Azim Co. Ltd. v. Micromax Informatics FZE: A Deep Dive into the Distinction between 'Seat' and 'Venue' in International Arbitration
The Supreme Court in Arif Azim Co. Ltd. v. Micromax Informatics FZE clarified the distinction between the 'seat' and 'venue' in arbitration, reinforcing party autonomy and defining Dubai as the seat under UAE law, limiting Indian courts' jurisdiction.
Censorship in Broadcasting and OTT Platforms: Regulation of OTT Content under IT Rules, 2021
columns
Harish Khan
Censorship in Broadcasting and OTT Platforms: Regulation of OTT Content under IT Rules, 2021
The rise of OTT platforms in India has sparked a debate on balancing free expression and societal interests. The IT Rules, 2021, aim to regulate content with a three-tier grievance redressal system, ensuring accountability while addressing concerns over censorship.
India’s Trade Deficit: Understanding the Complexities and Path Forward
columns
Anish Sinha
India’s Trade Deficit: Understanding the Complexities and Path Forward
India’s trade deficit reflects growing domestic demand and structural challenges like energy reliance and tech imports. Strategic policies, export diversification, and investments in renewable energy and manufacturing aim to balance trade and drive sustainable growth.
Ensuring Safety at Work: A Landmark step towards Justice and Dignity
columns
Anish Sinha
Ensuring Safety at Work: A Landmark step towards Justice and Dignity
The Supreme Court's landmark judgment in Aureliano Fernandes v. State of Goa revitalizes the PoSH Act, addressing systemic lapses in workplace safety for women. By mandating compliance, transparency, and training, it paves the way for equitable and harassment-free workplaces.
Expanding the Scope of SBO Rules: A Comprehensive look at Recent Legal Precedents and Global Comparisons
columns
Anish Sinha
Expanding the Scope of SBO Rules: A Comprehensive look at Recent Legal Precedents and Global Comparisons
India’s evolving SBO rules spotlight transparency in corporate ownership. Recent cases, like LinkedIn India and Samsung Noida, highlight expanded interpretations of control and influence, aligning with global standards to enhance governance and prevent financial misconduct.
The Great Indian Wedding Season: A Spectacle That Tunes Out Artists' Rights
columns
Miket Kanakia
The Great Indian Wedding Season: A Spectacle That Tunes Out Artists' Rights
Amid the grandeur of the Great Indian Wedding season, musical artists often remain overlooked, denied rightful royalties despite their vital role. Legal compliance with music licensing laws is essential to ensure fairness, respect, and sustainability in celebrations.
Faith, Identity, and Reservation: Supreme Court on Religious Conversion and Caste
columns
Anish Sinha
Faith, Identity, and Reservation: Supreme Court on Religious Conversion and Caste
The Supreme Court in C. Selvarani v. The Special Secretary-cum-District Collector ruled that religious conversions made solely to avail reservation benefits are a "fraud on the Constitution." The decision emphasizes the need for genuine conversions to uphold social justice.
lex-o-pedia
lex-o-pedia
Naina Chawla

What is the Jurisdiction of the Arbitral Tribunal?

The jurisdiction of an arbitral tribunal is rooted in the arbitration agreement, scope of disputes, and legal framework. Governed by principles like competence-competence, tribunals can decide their jurisdiction, issue interim measures, and ensure effective arbitration.
lex-o-pedia
Naina Chawla
What is the Jurisdiction of the Arbitral Tribunal?
The jurisdiction of an arbitral tribunal is rooted in the arbitration agreement, scope of disputes, and legal framework. Governed by principles like competence-competence, tribunals can decide their jurisdiction, issue interim measures, and ensure effective arbitration.
lex-o-pedia
Akash Srivastava
अचल संपत्ति का बंधक क्या है? (What is the Mortgage of Immovable Property?)
बंधक एक कानूनी व्यवस्था है, जिसमें उधारकर्ता अपनी स्थावर संपत्ति को ऋण के बदले सुरक्षा के रूप में देता है। संपत्ति हस्तांतरण अधिनियम, 1882 के तहत बंधक के विभिन्न प्रकार और अधिकार निर्धारित हैं, जैसे सादा बंधक, सशर्त विक्रय, और मोचन अधिकार।
lex-o-pedia
Harish Khan
Do Computer-Generated works qualify for Copyright Protection?
Copyright law protects original works, including computer software, under India's Copyright Act of 1957. While AI-generated works raise questions about authorship, the Act doesn’t explicitly address them. As AI advances, copyright law may need reform to accommodate these changes.
lex-o-pedia
Akash Srivastava
संपत्ति हस्तांतरण अधिनियम के तहत अजन्मे व्यक्ति के लाभ के लिए हस्तांतरण कैसे किया जाता है?
संपत्ति हस्तांतरण अधिनियम, 1882 की धारा 13 के तहत अजन्मे व्यक्ति के लाभ के लिए संपत्ति का हस्तांतरण किया जा सकता है। इसमें पहले एक जीवित व्यक्ति के पक्ष में जीवनहित का सृजन और अजन्मे व्यक्ति को संपत्ति में पूर्ण हित का प्रावधान होता है।
lex-o-pedia
Harish Khan
Why are certain Inventions not granted Patent in India?
The Indian Patent Act, 1970, under Sections 3 and 4, excludes certain inventions from patentability to protect public interest, ethics, and natural principles. Non-patentable categories include frivolous inventions, natural discoveries, and methods against public order.
lex-o-pedia
Anish Sinha
What is Judicial Notice under the Bharatiya Sakshaya Adhiniyam, 2023?
Judicial notice under the Bharatiya Sakshaya Adhiniyam, 2023, enables courts to recognize facts universally accepted or easily verifiable without formal proof, such as laws, treaties, or public holidays. This promotes efficiency while ensuring fairness in legal proceedings.
lex-o-pedia
Harish Khan
What is the Doctrine of “Work for Hire” under Copyright Law?
The "Work for Hire" doctrine assigns copyright ownership to employers or commissioning parties for works created under employment or specific contracts. It ensures clarity in ownership, balancing creators' rights with employers' or clients' interests, unless agreed otherwise.
lex-o-pedia
Naina Chawla
What is the role of a Conciliator?
A conciliator, as a neutral third party, facilitates dispute resolution through open dialogue, identifying key issues, and proposing solutions. Their role includes fostering communication, maintaining impartiality, ensuring confidentiality, and guiding parties to a voluntary settlement.
lex-o-pedia
Brijesh Kumar
What is the concept of Goods and Services Tax (GST)?
The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a unified, destination-based tax on goods and services in India, replacing multiple indirect taxes. It ensures seamless tax credit, eliminates cascading effects, and is structured under CGST, SGST, and IGST for efficiency.
glossary
Legal Maxim: Novus Actus Interveniens
glossary
Akash Srivastava

Legal Maxim: Novus Actus Interveniens

Novus Actus Interveniens is a legal doctrine that breaks the chain of causation, relieving a defendant of liability when an unforeseeable, independent act intervenes between their action and the resulting harm.
Legal Maxim: Novus Actus Interveniens
glossary
Akash Srivastava
Legal Maxim: Novus Actus Interveniens
Novus Actus Interveniens is a legal doctrine that breaks the chain of causation, relieving a defendant of liability when an unforeseeable, independent act intervenes between their action and the resulting harm.
Legal Maxim: De minimis non curat lex
glossary
Sujal Kesharwani
Legal Maxim: De minimis non curat lex
“De minimis non curat lex,” a Latin maxim meaning “The law does not concern itself with trifles,” signifies that courts should not waste time on minor, insignificant matters. Originating from Roman law, this principle is reflected in Section 95 of the Indian Penal Code, which prevents penalizing tri
Legal Maxim: Suppressio Veri or Suggestio Falsi
glossary
Sahil Kumar
Legal Maxim: Suppressio Veri or Suggestio Falsi
The legal maxim “suppressio veri or suggestio falsi” signifies that the suppression of truth is equivalent to the suggestion of falsehood. This principle holds that if either the omission of relevant facts or the presentation of false information regarding a material fact in a contract can be proven
Legal Maxim: Noscitur a Sociis
glossary
Sahil Kumar
Legal Maxim: Noscitur a Sociis
The legal maxim “Noscitur a Sociis” means “it is known by its associates.” This doctrine asserts that the meaning of an unclear word in a statute or contract should be determined by the words surrounding it. It emphasizes context, ensuring the interpretation aligns with the document’s overall intent
Glossary: Nemo Debet Esse Judex In Propria Sua Causa
glossary
Disha Bhardwaj
Glossary: Nemo Debet Esse Judex In Propria Sua Causa
“Nemo debet esse judex in propria sua causa” is a Latin legal maxim meaning “no one should be a judge in their own cause.” This principle ensures fairness and impartiality in legal proceedings by preventing conflicts of interest. It upholds the integrity of the judicial system by guaranteeing that d
Glossary: Allegans Contraria Non Est Audiendus
glossary
Sahil Kumar
Glossary: Allegans Contraria Non Est Audiendus
“Allegans contraria non est audiendus,” a Latin legal maxim, translates to “a person alleging contradictory facts is not to be heard.” This principle emphasizes consistency in legal arguments, asserting that one cannot present conflicting statements or claims within the same case. It is fundamental
Vakalatnama
glossary
Floren Kesharwani
Vakalatnama
A Vakalatnama is a legal document authorizing an advocate to represent a client in a court of law. It grants the lawyer the power to act on behalf of the client, including filing suits, attending hearings, and signing pleadings. Typically, the client signs the Vakalatnama, and it is submitted to the
Legal Maxim: Actori Incumbit Onus Probandi
glossary
Fazila Khan
Legal Maxim: Actori Incumbit Onus Probandi
Actori Incumbit Onus Probandi, a Latin legal maxim, means “the burden of proof lies on the plaintiff.” The burden of proof requires the plaintiff to establish the facts of the case to the requisite standard of proof, typically “beyond a reasonable doubt” in criminal cases and “preponderance of evide
Legal Maxim: Expressio Unius Est Exclusio Alterius
glossary
Paridhi Tiwari
Legal Maxim: Expressio Unius Est Exclusio Alterius
xpressio Unius Est Exclusio Alterius is a legal maxim meaning “the expression of one thing is the exclusion of another.” It is used in statutory interpretation to infer that if a law explicitly mentions certain items, other items not mentioned are excluded.
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