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How can a research problem be formulated, and what steps are involved in identifying and refining research questions?
lex-o-pedia
How can a research problem be formulated, and what steps are involved in identifying and refining research questions?
Formulating a research problem involves identifying a specific issue, analyzing gaps in knowledge, and defining objectives. A good research problem is clear, researchable, significant, and feasible, serving as the foundation for systematic inquiry.
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How can a research problem be formulated, and what steps are involved in identifying and refining research questions?
Naina Chawla
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Join Us as a Campus Ambassador for Legal Wires and Lex Live!
Legal Wires
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Censorship in Broadcasting and OTT Platforms: Regulation of OTT Content under IT Rules, 2021
Harish Khan
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Supreme Court Halts Lower Court Proceedings in Sambhal Mosque Case, Suggests Mediation for Peaceful Resolution
Legal Wires
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Allahabad HC Stays Arrest of Mohd Zubair citing "Not a Dreaded Criminal"
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Legal Wires

Allahabad HC Stays Arrest of Mohd Zubair citing "Not a Dreaded Criminal"

The Allahabad High Court stays the arrest of Mohd Zubair, co-founder of Alt-News, in connection with his 'X' (formerly Twitter) posts, citing that he is "not a dreaded criminal" and highlighting the case's implications for freedom of speech.
Allahabad HC Stays Arrest of Mohd Zubair citing "Not a Dreaded Criminal"
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Legal Wires
Allahabad HC Stays Arrest of Mohd Zubair citing "Not a Dreaded Criminal"
The Allahabad High Court stays the arrest of Mohd Zubair, co-founder of Alt-News, in connection with his 'X' (formerly Twitter) posts, citing that he is "not a dreaded criminal" and highlighting the case's implications for freedom of speech.
Marriage Without Trust Becomes a Legal Formality: Supreme Court on Irretrievable Breakdown of Marriage
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Legal Wires
Marriage Without Trust Becomes a Legal Formality: Supreme Court on Irretrievable Breakdown of Marriage
The Supreme Court highlights that marriages built on trust and companionship lose their essence when these elements are absent, turning the union into a mere legal formality. The judgment addresses prolonged separation and mental cruelty.
Blood Minerals and Tech Giants: DRC Files War Crimes Case Against Apple
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Legal Wires
Blood Minerals and Tech Giants: DRC Files War Crimes Case Against Apple
The Democratic Republic of the Congo files criminal complaints against Apple for alleged war crimes, accusing the tech giant of sourcing "blood minerals" from conflict zones to manufacture electronic devices.
Supreme Court Clarifies Coconut Oil Classification: Edible Oil or Hair Oil?
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Legal Wires
Supreme Court Clarifies Coconut Oil Classification: Edible Oil or Hair Oil?
The Supreme Court rules that pure coconut oil is classified as 'edible oil' under the Central Excise Tariff Act unless packaged and marketed as a cosmetic, in which case it is taxed as 'hair oil'.
Delhi Court Grants Umar Khalid 7-Day Relief in UAPA Case; Bail Plea Still Pending
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Legal Wires
Delhi Court Grants Umar Khalid 7-Day Relief in UAPA Case; Bail Plea Still Pending
Jailed activist Umar Khalid receives 7-day interim bail to attend a family wedding, while his regular bail plea in the Delhi riots conspiracy case remains pending before the High Court.
Bengaluru Techie Suicide Case: Wife and In-Laws Arrested for Abetment as Evidence and Allegations Unfold
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Legal Wires
Bengaluru Techie Suicide Case: Wife and In-Laws Arrested for Abetment as Evidence and Allegations Unfold
Bengaluru police arrest techie Atul Subhash’s estranged wife, mother-in-law, and brother-in-law for abetment to suicide. Forensic analysis of extensive evidence continues amidst allegations and counterclaims.
Supreme Court Takes Note: Justice Yadav’s Speech Raises Questions on Judicial Impartiality and Ethics
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Legal Wires
Supreme Court Takes Note: Justice Yadav’s Speech Raises Questions on Judicial Impartiality and Ethics
Following his controversial remarks against the Muslim community, the Supreme Court summons Justice Shekhar Yadav for a meeting, while impeachment calls and judicial scrutiny intensify amid demands for action.
Supreme Court Rejects Tanti Caste SC Claim, Reinforces Presidential Authority Over Caste Lists
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Legal Wires
Supreme Court Rejects Tanti Caste SC Claim, Reinforces Presidential Authority Over Caste Lists
The Supreme Court ruled that the 'Tanti' caste, classified under OBC in Bihar, cannot avail Scheduled Caste benefits, citing the State’s lack of authority to amend Presidential notifications and the absence of equitable grounds.
Join Us as a Campus Ambassador for Legal Wires and Lex Live!
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Legal Wires
Join Us as a Campus Ambassador for Legal Wires and Lex Live!
Join Us as a Campus Ambassador for Legal Wires & Lex Live! Lead initiatives, build Legal AI Societies, and connect with peers and professionals. https://forms.gle/o2kUkY1oLZmKr7q7A
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case-study
Anish Sinha

Case Study: Rabindra Kumar Chhatoi v. State of Odisha & Anr.

In Rabindra Kumar Chhatoi v. State of Odisha, the Supreme Court ruled that the backyard of a private house does not qualify as a "public view" under Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST Act, discharging the appellant from charges of caste-based abuse and related IPC offences.
case-study
Anish Sinha
Case Study: Rabindra Kumar Chhatoi v. State of Odisha & Anr.
In Rabindra Kumar Chhatoi v. State of Odisha, the Supreme Court ruled that the backyard of a private house does not qualify as a "public view" under Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST Act, discharging the appellant from charges of caste-based abuse and related IPC offences.
Case Study: Nalin Choksey v. Commissioner of Customs, Kochi
case-study
Anish Sinha
Case Study: Nalin Choksey v. Commissioner of Customs, Kochi
In Nalin Choksey v. Commissioner of Customs, the SC held that subsequent purchasers aren't liable for customs duty evasion by importers. It ruled that liability arises at importation, not ownership transfer, and set aside duties imposed on the appellant.
Case Study: State of NCT of Delhi v. Mohd. Jabir
case-study
Anish Sinha
Case Study: State of NCT of Delhi v. Mohd. Jabir
The Supreme Court in State of NCT of Delhi v. Mohd. Jabir upheld procedural compliance under Section 50 NDPS Act, ruling that using "any" instead of "nearest" Gazetted Officer doesn’t invalidate the search if substantive rights aren’t prejudiced. Bail was revoked.
Case Study: State of HP v. Jai Lal & Ors.
case-study
Nishant Singh Rawat
Case Study: State of HP v. Jai Lal & Ors.
Expert evidence must rely on scientific methodology, adequately explained and backed by credible data, allowing courts to independently evaluate its accuracy and reliability
Case Study: Justice K.S. Puttaswamy & Ors. v. Union of India (UOI) & Ors.
case-study
Yousuf Khan
Case Study: Justice K.S. Puttaswamy & Ors. v. Union of India (UOI) & Ors.
In Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, the Supreme Court affirmed privacy as a fundamental right under Article 21, integral to dignity and autonomy, yet subject to reasonable restrictions.
Case Study: Rustom Cavasjee Cooper and Ors. v. Union of India
case-study
Yousuf Khan
Case Study: Rustom Cavasjee Cooper and Ors. v. Union of India
In Rustom Cavasjee Cooper v. Union of India, the Supreme Court invalidated the 1969 bank nationalization act, citing inadequate compensation and violation of property rights, thus breaching Articles 14, 19, and 31.
Case Study: Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan
case-study
Yousuf Khan
Case Study: Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan
The Supreme Court in Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan upheld the 17th Constitutional Amendment, validating its addition of laws to the Ninth Schedule, aimed at supporting socio-economic land reforms.
Case Study: Sulochana Amma v. Narayanan Nair
case-study
Mohd. Sahil Khan
Case Study: Sulochana Amma v. Narayanan Nair
In Sulochana Amma v. Narayanan Nair (1994), the Supreme Court upheld the application of res judicata to injunction decrees from courts with limited pecuniary jurisdiction. The case involved property rights and multiple suits following the alienation of a life estate. The Court ruled that once a comp
Case Study: Nanchand Gangaram v. Malappa Mahalingappa
case-study
Mohd. Sahil Khan
Case Study: Nanchand Gangaram v. Malappa Mahalingappa
In Nanchand Gangaram v. Malappa Mahalingappa (AIR 1976 SC 835), the Supreme Court held that Section 45 of the Indian Partnership Act does not apply to Hindu Joint Families, as these are based on status, not contract. The court emphasized that a Karta’s acknowledgment of debt cannot extend the statut
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columns
Anish Sinha

GIFT City: A Gateway to Global Financial and Educational Innovation

GIFT City, India’s smart financial hub in Gujarat, blends advanced infrastructure with a dynamic regulatory framework. It fosters global collaboration in finance and education, attracting top foreign universities and investors, and positioning India as a global innovation leader.
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Anish Sinha
GIFT City: A Gateway to Global Financial and Educational Innovation
GIFT City, India’s smart financial hub in Gujarat, blends advanced infrastructure with a dynamic regulatory framework. It fosters global collaboration in finance and education, attracting top foreign universities and investors, and positioning India as a global innovation leader.
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Anish Sinha
The Supreme Court’s landmark judgment in Arif Azim Co. Ltd. v. Micromax Informatics FZE: A Deep Dive into the Distinction between 'Seat' and 'Venue' in International Arbitration
The Supreme Court in Arif Azim Co. Ltd. v. Micromax Informatics FZE clarified the distinction between the 'seat' and 'venue' in arbitration, reinforcing party autonomy and defining Dubai as the seat under UAE law, limiting Indian courts' jurisdiction.
Censorship in Broadcasting and OTT Platforms: Regulation of OTT Content under IT Rules, 2021
columns
Harish Khan
Censorship in Broadcasting and OTT Platforms: Regulation of OTT Content under IT Rules, 2021
The rise of OTT platforms in India has sparked a debate on balancing free expression and societal interests. The IT Rules, 2021, aim to regulate content with a three-tier grievance redressal system, ensuring accountability while addressing concerns over censorship.
India’s Trade Deficit: Understanding the Complexities and Path Forward
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Anish Sinha
India’s Trade Deficit: Understanding the Complexities and Path Forward
India’s trade deficit reflects growing domestic demand and structural challenges like energy reliance and tech imports. Strategic policies, export diversification, and investments in renewable energy and manufacturing aim to balance trade and drive sustainable growth.
Ensuring Safety at Work: A Landmark step towards Justice and Dignity
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Anish Sinha
Ensuring Safety at Work: A Landmark step towards Justice and Dignity
The Supreme Court's landmark judgment in Aureliano Fernandes v. State of Goa revitalizes the PoSH Act, addressing systemic lapses in workplace safety for women. By mandating compliance, transparency, and training, it paves the way for equitable and harassment-free workplaces.
Expanding the Scope of SBO Rules: A Comprehensive look at Recent Legal Precedents and Global Comparisons
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Anish Sinha
Expanding the Scope of SBO Rules: A Comprehensive look at Recent Legal Precedents and Global Comparisons
India’s evolving SBO rules spotlight transparency in corporate ownership. Recent cases, like LinkedIn India and Samsung Noida, highlight expanded interpretations of control and influence, aligning with global standards to enhance governance and prevent financial misconduct.
The Great Indian Wedding Season: A Spectacle That Tunes Out Artists' Rights
columns
Miket Kanakia
The Great Indian Wedding Season: A Spectacle That Tunes Out Artists' Rights
Amid the grandeur of the Great Indian Wedding season, musical artists often remain overlooked, denied rightful royalties despite their vital role. Legal compliance with music licensing laws is essential to ensure fairness, respect, and sustainability in celebrations.
Faith, Identity, and Reservation: Supreme Court on Religious Conversion and Caste
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Anish Sinha
Faith, Identity, and Reservation: Supreme Court on Religious Conversion and Caste
The Supreme Court in C. Selvarani v. The Special Secretary-cum-District Collector ruled that religious conversions made solely to avail reservation benefits are a "fraud on the Constitution." The decision emphasizes the need for genuine conversions to uphold social justice.
Inheritance rights of Muslim Women: An assessment from Quranic perspective
columns
Lovish Minocha, Subuhi Khan
Inheritance rights of Muslim Women: An assessment from Quranic perspective
The Quran outlines Islamic inheritance laws, ensuring fair asset distribution for family welfare. While the laws apply to all genders, differences in shares reflect case-specific circumstances. Efforts continue to secure women's rights under Sharia, addressing biases and ensuring justice.
lex-o-pedia
lex-o-pedia
Harish Khan

How is Copyright Registered and Protected in India: A Step-by-Step Guide?

Copyright protects creators' original works, granting exclusive rights over reproduction, distribution, and public performance. In India, registration under the Copyright Act, 1957 ensures legal protection, ownership, and opportunities for revenue generation.
lex-o-pedia
Harish Khan
How is Copyright Registered and Protected in India: A Step-by-Step Guide?
Copyright protects creators' original works, granting exclusive rights over reproduction, distribution, and public performance. In India, registration under the Copyright Act, 1957 ensures legal protection, ownership, and opportunities for revenue generation.
What are the frameworks for planning and conducting research in Research Design?
lex-o-pedia
Naina Chawla
What are the frameworks for planning and conducting research in Research Design?
Research design is the blueprint for planning and conducting studies, ensuring clear objectives, reliable methodologies, and valid data. It aids in clarifying research questions, guiding methodologies, ensuring ethical considerations, and enhancing credibility.
lex-o-pedia
Akash Srivastava
संपत्ति हस्तांतरण अधिनियम की धारा 41 प्रत्यक्ष हस्तांतरण को किस प्रकार प्रभावित करती है?
संपत्ति हस्तांतरण अधिनियम, 1882 की धारा 41 प्रत्यक्ष स्वामी के सिद्धांत को स्थापित करती है। यह निर्दोष खरीदारों को सुरक्षा प्रदान करती है, बशर्ते उन्होंने उचित सावधानी बरती हो और हस्तांतरण सप्रतिफल हो। इससे संपत्ति लेन-देन में स्थिरता आती है।
lex-o-pedia
Harish Khan
What are the Legal Remedies for Copyright Infringement, from Piracy to Penalties?
Copyright infringement occurs when a copyrighted work is used without authorization, violating the owner's exclusive rights. Remedies under the Copyright Act, 1957 include civil, criminal, and administrative measures, ensuring robust legal protection for creators.
How can a research problem be formulated, and what steps are involved in identifying and refining research questions?
lex-o-pedia
Naina Chawla
How can a research problem be formulated, and what steps are involved in identifying and refining research questions?
Formulating a research problem involves identifying a specific issue, analyzing gaps in knowledge, and defining objectives. A good research problem is clear, researchable, significant, and feasible, serving as the foundation for systematic inquiry.
lex-o-pedia
Akash Srivastava
क्या संपत्ति हस्तांतरण अधिनियम के अंतर्गत कपटपूर्ण अंतरण (Fraudulent Transfer) को मान्यता दी जाती है?
संपत्ति हस्तांतरण अधिनियम, 1882 की धारा 53 के तहत यदि हस्तांतरण लेनदारों को धोखा देने या उनके दावे विफल करने के उद्देश्य से किया गया हो, तो यह शून्यकरणीय होगा। सद्भावनापूर्वक और प्रतिफल के लिए किए गए हस्तांतरण इस नियम से अपवाद हैं।
lex-o-pedia
Harish Khan
What is the Lifespan of Creativity: How does Ownership and Duration Operate under Copyright Law?
Copyright law safeguards creators' rights but raises complexities in ownership and duration. Ownership varies with authorship, work-for-hire, or licensing. Duration ensures protection for 60 years post-creation or an author's life, balancing rights and public access.
lex-o-pedia
Naina Chawla
What is Novation of Contract?
Novation, under Section 62 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, allows the substitution of an existing contract with a new one, either by altering terms or replacing parties. It discharges the original contract, creating fresh obligations through mutual consent of all parties involved.
lex-o-pedia
Harish Khan
How Does the Doctrine of Fair Use Foster Creativity While Protecting Copyright?
The doctrine of fair use balances copyright protection with public interest, enabling transformative uses like criticism, education, and parody. Both U.S. and Indian frameworks ensure creativity thrives while safeguarding creators’ rights against market harm.
glossary
Legal Maxim: Novus Actus Interveniens
glossary
Akash Srivastava

Legal Maxim: Novus Actus Interveniens

Novus Actus Interveniens is a legal doctrine that breaks the chain of causation, relieving a defendant of liability when an unforeseeable, independent act intervenes between their action and the resulting harm.
Legal Maxim: Novus Actus Interveniens
glossary
Akash Srivastava
Legal Maxim: Novus Actus Interveniens
Novus Actus Interveniens is a legal doctrine that breaks the chain of causation, relieving a defendant of liability when an unforeseeable, independent act intervenes between their action and the resulting harm.
Legal Maxim: De minimis non curat lex
glossary
Sujal Kesharwani
Legal Maxim: De minimis non curat lex
“De minimis non curat lex,” a Latin maxim meaning “The law does not concern itself with trifles,” signifies that courts should not waste time on minor, insignificant matters. Originating from Roman law, this principle is reflected in Section 95 of the Indian Penal Code, which prevents penalizing tri
Legal Maxim: Suppressio Veri or Suggestio Falsi
glossary
Sahil Kumar
Legal Maxim: Suppressio Veri or Suggestio Falsi
The legal maxim “suppressio veri or suggestio falsi” signifies that the suppression of truth is equivalent to the suggestion of falsehood. This principle holds that if either the omission of relevant facts or the presentation of false information regarding a material fact in a contract can be proven
Legal Maxim: Noscitur a Sociis
glossary
Sahil Kumar
Legal Maxim: Noscitur a Sociis
The legal maxim “Noscitur a Sociis” means “it is known by its associates.” This doctrine asserts that the meaning of an unclear word in a statute or contract should be determined by the words surrounding it. It emphasizes context, ensuring the interpretation aligns with the document’s overall intent
Glossary: Nemo Debet Esse Judex In Propria Sua Causa
glossary
Disha Bhardwaj
Glossary: Nemo Debet Esse Judex In Propria Sua Causa
“Nemo debet esse judex in propria sua causa” is a Latin legal maxim meaning “no one should be a judge in their own cause.” This principle ensures fairness and impartiality in legal proceedings by preventing conflicts of interest. It upholds the integrity of the judicial system by guaranteeing that d
Glossary: Allegans Contraria Non Est Audiendus
glossary
Sahil Kumar
Glossary: Allegans Contraria Non Est Audiendus
“Allegans contraria non est audiendus,” a Latin legal maxim, translates to “a person alleging contradictory facts is not to be heard.” This principle emphasizes consistency in legal arguments, asserting that one cannot present conflicting statements or claims within the same case. It is fundamental
Vakalatnama
glossary
Floren Kesharwani
Vakalatnama
A Vakalatnama is a legal document authorizing an advocate to represent a client in a court of law. It grants the lawyer the power to act on behalf of the client, including filing suits, attending hearings, and signing pleadings. Typically, the client signs the Vakalatnama, and it is submitted to the
Legal Maxim: Actori Incumbit Onus Probandi
glossary
Fazila Khan
Legal Maxim: Actori Incumbit Onus Probandi
Actori Incumbit Onus Probandi, a Latin legal maxim, means “the burden of proof lies on the plaintiff.” The burden of proof requires the plaintiff to establish the facts of the case to the requisite standard of proof, typically “beyond a reasonable doubt” in criminal cases and “preponderance of evide
Legal Maxim: Expressio Unius Est Exclusio Alterius
glossary
Paridhi Tiwari
Legal Maxim: Expressio Unius Est Exclusio Alterius
xpressio Unius Est Exclusio Alterius is a legal maxim meaning “the expression of one thing is the exclusion of another.” It is used in statutory interpretation to infer that if a law explicitly mentions certain items, other items not mentioned are excluded.
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